Research Notes:

"Pippinus" is named, and his parentage recorded, in the Gesta Mettensium, which specifies that he was his parents' second son. He was baptised "PEPIN" in Rome 15 Apr 781 by Pope Hadrian, Settipani commenting that his name was changed from Carloman...

He was crowned PEPIN King of Italy 15 Apr 781 at Rome, named King of the Lombards and installed at Pavia, ruling under the regency of Adalhard. He invaded the duchy of Benevento in early 793. The 796 victory of "rex Pippinus" against the Avars led by "Cacanus rex" (which reflects the title "Khagan" not his name) is commemorated in a contemporary poem. The Annales Fuldenses record that "Ehericum ducem Foroiuliensem, deinde…Pippinum filium regis" captured the camp of "Hunorum…Hringum" in 796, specifying that "Cagan et Iugurro principibus Hunorum" were killed by their own people. At the partition of the empire agreed at Thionville in 806, Pepin was designated sovereign of Italy, Bavaria, Carinthia (except Nordgau) and Alemannia south of the River Danube. He subjugated Istria, the towns of Dalmatia, and Venice in [810].

The Annales Fuldenses record the death "810 VIII Id Iul" of "Pippinum filius eius regem Italiæ". The Annales Sancti Emmerammi record the death "810 Id Iul" of "Pippinus". ¹